Spring Boot核心注解速查手册
Spring Boot 常用注解分类整理
核心启动与配置注解
@SpringBootApplication
标记主启动类，是 @Configuration、@EnableAutoConfiguration 和 @ComponentScan 的组合注解。
@SpringBootApplication
public class MyApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MyApplication.class, args);
}
}
@Configuration
声明当前类为配置类，替代 XML 配置文件。
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
public MyService myService() {
return new MyServiceImpl();
}
}
@Bean
在配置类中定义 Bean，方法返回值作为 Bean 实例。
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() {
return new HikariDataSource();
}
依赖注入与组件扫描
@Component
通用组件注解，标记类为 Spring 管理的 Bean。
@Component
public class MyComponent {
// 业务逻辑
}
@Service
标注服务层组件，功能与 @Component 相同，语义化更强。
@Service
public class UserService {
public void saveUser(User user) { /* ... */ }
}
@Repository
标注数据访问层（DAO）组件，自动处理数据库异常。
@Repository
public class UserRepository {
// JPA 或 MyBatis 操作
}
@Autowired
自动注入依赖，可省略 setter 方法。
@Service
public class OrderService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
}
Web 开发相关注解
@RestController
组合 @Controller 和 @ResponseBody，直接返回 JSON/XML 数据。
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class UserController {
@GetMapping("/users")
public List<User> getUsers() { /* ... */ }
}
@RequestMapping
定义请求映射路径，支持类和方法级别。
@RequestMapping(value = "/users", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public List<User> listUsers() { /* ... */ }
@GetMapping / @PostMapping
简化 HTTP 方法映射的快捷注解。
@PostMapping("/save")
public ResponseEntity<String> save(@RequestBody User user) {
// 保存逻辑
return ResponseEntity.ok("Success");
}
@PathVariable
从 URL 路径中获取参数。
@GetMapping("/users/{id}")
public User getUser(@PathVariable Long id) { /* ... */ }
@RequestParam
获取查询参数或表单数据。
@GetMapping("/search")
public List<User> search(@RequestParam String keyword) { /* ... */ }
配置与属性绑定
@Value
注入配置文件中的属性值。
@Value("${app.name}")
private String appName;
@ConfigurationProperties
批量绑定属性到 Java 对象。
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "database")
public class DatabaseConfig {
private String url;
private String username;
// getters & setters
}
事务管理
@Transactional
声明式事务管理，标注方法或类。
@Service
public class OrderService {
@Transactional
public void placeOrder(Order order) {
// 数据库操作
}
}
测试相关注解
@SpringBootTest
启动完整 Spring 上下文进行集成测试。
@SpringBootTest
class UserServiceTest {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
// 测试方法
}
@MockBean
模拟依赖的 Bean，用于单元测试。
@SpringBootTest
class PaymentServiceTest {
@MockBean
private PaymentGateway paymentGateway;
// 测试逻辑
}
其他实用注解
@Scheduled
定时任务调度。
@Component
public class ReportGenerator {
@Scheduled(cron = "0 0 9 * * ?")
public void generateDailyReport() { /* ... */ }
}
@Async
异步方法调用。
@Service
public class EmailService {
@Async
public void sendEmail(String to) { /* ... */ }
}
通过合理使用这些注解，可以显著简化 Spring Boot 开发流程，提升代码可读性和维护性。实际开发中需根据场景选择合适注解组合。
BbS.okapop123.sbs/PoSt/1122_357135.HtM
BbS.okapop124.sbs/PoSt/1122_508115.HtM
BbS.okapop125.sbs/PoSt/1122_505240.HtM
BbS.okapop126.sbs/PoSt/1122_742123.HtM
BbS.okapop127.sbs/PoSt/1122_616970.HtM
BbS.okapop128.sbs/PoSt/1122_845021.HtM
BbS.okapop129.sbs/PoSt/1122_612817.HtM
BbS.okapop130.sbs/PoSt/1122_636017.HtM
BbS.okapop131.sbs/PoSt/1122_432264.HtM
BbS.okapop132.sbs/PoSt/1122_949776.HtM
BbS.okapop123.sbs/PoSt/1122_947891.HtM
BbS.okapop124.sbs/PoSt/1122_333310.HtM
BbS.okapop125.sbs/PoSt/1122_292927.HtM
BbS.okapop126.sbs/PoSt/1122_952518.HtM
BbS.okapop127.sbs/PoSt/1122_147437.HtM
BbS.okapop128.sbs/PoSt/1122_570704.HtM
BbS.okapop129.sbs/PoSt/1122_065868.HtM
BbS.okapop130.sbs/PoSt/1122_393968.HtM
BbS.okapop131.sbs/PoSt/1122_606348.HtM
BbS.okapop132.sbs/PoSt/1122_780912.HtM
BbS.okapop123.sbs/PoSt/1122_263119.HtM
BbS.okapop124.sbs/PoSt/1122_581859.HtM
BbS.okapop125.sbs/PoSt/1122_920255.HtM
BbS.okapop126.sbs/PoSt/1122_214315.HtM
BbS.okapop127.sbs/PoSt/1122_659701.HtM
BbS.okapop128.sbs/PoSt/1122_807442.HtM
BbS.okapop129.sbs/PoSt/1122_635029.HtM
BbS.okapop130.sbs/PoSt/1122_720951.HtM
BbS.okapop131.sbs/PoSt/1122_995648.HtM
BbS.okapop132.sbs/PoSt/1122_395628.HtM
BbS.okapop123.sbs/PoSt/1122_787623.HtM
BbS.okapop124.sbs/PoSt/1122_013937.HtM
BbS.okapop125.sbs/PoSt/1122_872596.HtM
BbS.okapop126.sbs/PoSt/1122_745782.HtM
BbS.okapop127.sbs/PoSt/1122_456617.HtM
BbS.okapop128.sbs/PoSt/1122_594579.HtM
BbS.okapop129.sbs/PoSt/1122_297282.HtM
BbS.okapop130.sbs/PoSt/1122_803810.HtM
BbS.okapop131.sbs/PoSt/1122_093063.HtM
BbS.okapop132.sbs/PoSt/1122_008754.HtM
BbS.okapop123.sbs/PoSt/1122_356097.HtM
BbS.okapop124.sbs/PoSt/1122_707792.HtM
BbS.okapop125.sbs/PoSt/1122_921241.HtM
BbS.okapop126.sbs/PoSt/1122_908167.HtM
BbS.okapop127.sbs/PoSt/1122_244748.HtM
BbS.okapop128.sbs/PoSt/1122_515027.HtM
BbS.okapop129.sbs/PoSt/1122_846561.HtM
BbS.okapop130.sbs/PoSt/1122_780521.HtM
BbS.okapop131.sbs/PoSt/1122_793776.HtM
BbS.okapop132.sbs/PoSt/1122_751397.HtM
BbS.okapop123.sbs/PoSt/1122_027309.HtM
BbS.okapop124.sbs/PoSt/1122_122889.HtM
BbS.okapop125.sbs/PoSt/1122_554490.HtM
BbS.okapop126.sbs/PoSt/1122_116443.HtM
BbS.okapop127.sbs/PoSt/1122_847650.HtM
BbS.okapop128.sbs/PoSt/1122_460085.HtM
BbS.okapop129.sbs/PoSt/1122_421712.HtM
BbS.okapop130.sbs/PoSt/1122_210813.HtM
BbS.okapop131.sbs/PoSt/1122_457476.HtM
BbS.okapop132.sbs/PoSt/1122_776899.HtM
BbS.okapop123.sbs/PoSt/1122_699305.HtM
BbS.okapop124.sbs/PoSt/1122_365772.HtM
BbS.okapop125.sbs/PoSt/1122_789951.HtM
BbS.okapop126.sbs/PoSt/1122_937164.HtM
BbS.okapop127.sbs/PoSt/1122_874250.HtM
BbS.okapop128.sbs/PoSt/1122_030977.HtM
BbS.okapop129.sbs/PoSt/1122_157493.HtM
BbS.okapop130.sbs/PoSt/1122_014864.HtM
BbS.okapop131.sbs/PoSt/1122_226394.HtM
BbS.okapop132.sbs/PoSt/1122_777888.HtM
BbS.okapop123.sbs/PoSt/1122_730834.HtM
BbS.okapop124.sbs/PoSt/1122_961097.HtM
BbS.okapop125.sbs/PoSt/1122_727209.HtM
BbS.okapop126.sbs/PoSt/1122_472388.HtM
BbS.okapop127.sbs/PoSt/1122_463665.HtM
BbS.okapop128.sbs/PoSt/1122_747344.HtM
BbS.okapop129.sbs/PoSt/1122_146337.HtM
BbS.okapop130.sbs/PoSt/1122_691297.HtM
BbS.okapop131.sbs/PoSt/1122_098891.HtM
BbS.okapop132.sbs/PoSt/1122_826494.HtM
查看11道真题和解析