Linearity and Nonlinearity
Level 1:
linear: ax + b = y
nonlinear: y = cos(x)
Level 2:
linear: iterative or matrices (linear system)
nonlinear: tree recursions
Level 3:
linear: a_1*x_1 + a_2*x_2 + ... + a_n*x_n = b
nonlinear: directional derivatives and the gradient
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