《K8s Job/CronJob 实战：定时任务与一次性任务》（664）

## 《K8s Job/CronJob 实战：定时任务与一次性任务》 🚀 

在 Kubernetes 中，**Job** 和 **CronJob** 是管理**一次性任务**和**定时任务**的核心组件，适用于数据处理、报表生成、备份等场景。 

### **1. Job：一次性任务** 🔥 
Job 用于执行**一次性任务**，确保任务成功完成。如果任务失败，Job 会自动重试，直到达到指定的重试次数或成功为止。 

**示例场景**： 
- 数据处理任务 
- 数据库迁移 
- 批量计算 

**YAML 示例**： 
```yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
 name: data-processor
spec:
 template:
  spec:
   containers:
   - name: processor
    image: busybox
    command: ["sh", "-c", "echo 'Processing data...' && sleep 5"]
   restartPolicy: Never
 backoffLimit: 3 # 失败重试次数
``` 

### **2. CronJob：定时任务** ⏰ 
CronJob 基于 **Cron 表达式** 定时执行任务，类似于 Linux 的 `crontab`，适用于周期性任务。 

**示例场景**： 
- 每日日志清理 
- 定时报表生成 
- 定期数据同步 

**YAML 示例**： 
```yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: CronJob
metadata:
 name: daily-cleanup
spec:
 schedule: "0 3 * * *" # 每天凌晨3点执行
 jobTemplate:
  spec:
   template:
    spec:
     containers:
     - name: cleaner
      image: busybox
      command: ["sh", "-c", "echo 'Cleaning up logs...'"]
     restartPolicy: OnFailure
``` 

### **总结** 🎯 
- **Job**：适合一次性任务，确保任务完成。 
- **CronJob**：适合定时任务，按计划执行。 

通过合理使用 Job 和 CronJob，可以高效管理 Kubernetes 中的批处理任务！💡
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