题解 | #识别有效的IP地址和掩码并进行分类统计#

# 1.检测ip是否有效，无效不计入任何类别
# 2.有效ip，检测掩码，掩码非法计入非法类别
# 3.检测ABCDE类别
# 4.检测私人
import re


dict_={
    'A':0,
    'B':0,
    'C':0,
    'D':0,
    'E':0,
    'illegal':0,
    'private':0
}

def if_ip(text:str):
    text0 = text.split('~')[0]
    # 提取ip
    try:
        list_ip = [int(i) for i in text0.split('.')]
        if list_ip[0] in range(1, 256) and list_ip[1] in range(0, 256) and list_ip[2] in range(0, 256) and list_ip[3] in range(0, 256):
            if list_ip[0] != 127:
                return True
        else:
            return False
    except:
        return False


def if_mask(text:str):
    if if_ip(text):
        text1 = text.split('~')[1]
        num = ''.join([f'{bin(int(i, 10))[2:]:0>8}' for i in text1.split('.')])
        # 1.拆出4位 存储位列表
        # 2.用生成器取出 
        # 3.进制转换位二进制
        # 4.右对齐为8位，不足位补0
        # 5.合并为字符串
        if re.match(r'^[1]+[0]+$', num):
            # match返回值可以直接进行逻辑运算
            return True
        else:
            dict_['illegal']+=1
            return False
    else:
        return None


def ip_type(text:str):
    if if_ip(text) and if_mask(text):
        text0 = text.split('~')[0]
        # 提取ip
        list_ip = [int(i) for i in text0.split('.')]
        if 1 <= list_ip[0] <= 126:
            dict_['A']+=1
            if list_ip[0] == 10:
                dict_['private']+=1
            return True
        elif 128 <= list_ip[0] <= 191:
            dict_['B']+=1
            if list_ip[0] == 172 and 16 <= list_ip[1] <= 31:
                dict_['private']+=1
            return True
        elif 192 <= list_ip[0] <= 223:
            if list_ip[0] == 192 and list_ip[1] == 168:
                dict_['private']+=1
            dict_['C']+=1
            return True
        elif 224 <= list_ip[0] <= 239:
            dict_['D']+=1
            return True
        elif 240 <= list_ip[0] <= 255:
            dict_['E']+=1
            return True

    else:
        return None



while True:
    try:
        ip = input()
        if if_ip(ip):
            if if_mask(ip):
                ip_type(ip)
    except:
        break

for tmp in dict_:
    print(dict_[tmp], end=' ')