Java电商网站开发实战指南
基于Java的小型电子商务网站设计与实现
系统架构设计
采用分层架构模式，分为表现层、业务逻辑层、数据访问层。表现层使用JSP+Servlet技术，业务逻辑层采用Spring框架实现，数据访问层使用MyBatis进行数据库操作。系统模块包括用户管理、商品管理、订单管理、购物车等核心功能。
MVC设计模式贯穿整个系统，Servlet作为控制器负责请求转发，JSP作为视图展示数据，JavaBean封装业务逻辑。这种架构保证了系统的可维护性和扩展性。
数据库设计
MySQL数据库主要包含以下表结构：
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`email` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
CREATE TABLE `product` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`price` decimal(10,2) NOT NULL,
`stock` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
核心功能实现
用户注册登录采用SHA-256加密存储密码：
public static String encrypt(String password) {
try {
MessageDigest digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
byte[] hash = digest.digest(password.getBytes());
return bytesToHex(hash);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
商品分页查询使用MyBatis实现：
public interface ProductMapper {
@Select("SELECT * FROM product LIMIT #{offset}, #{pageSize}")
List<Product> getProductsByPage(@Param("offset") int offset,
@Param("pageSize") int pageSize);
}
购物车功能
基于Session实现购物车功能，使用ConcurrentHashMap保证线程安全：
public class ShoppingCart {
private Map<Integer, CartItem> items = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
public void addItem(Product product, int quantity) {
CartItem item = items.get(product.getId());
if (item == null) {
item = new CartItem(product, quantity);
items.put(product.getId(), item);
} else {
item.setQuantity(item.getQuantity() + quantity);
}
}
}
订单处理流程
订单生成采用事务管理确保数据一致性：
@Transactional
public void createOrder(Order order, List<OrderItem> items) {
orderMapper.insert(order);
for (OrderItem item : items) {
item.setOrderId(order.getId());
orderItemMapper.insert(item);
productMapper.updateStock(item.getProductId(), -item.getQuantity());
}
}
系统安全措施
实现XSS防护和SQL注入预防：
public static String filterXSS(String value) {
if (value == null) return null;
return value.replaceAll("<", "<")
.replaceAll(">", ">");
}
public void safeQuery(@Param("id") int id) {
// 使用预编译语句防止SQL注入
productMapper.getById(id);
}
源码结构说明
项目采用标准Maven目录结构：
src/
├── main/
│ ├── java/
│ │ └── com/
│ │ └── example/
│ │ ├── controller/
│ │ ├── service/
│ │ ├── dao/
│ │ └── model/
│ ├── resources/
│ └── webapp/
│ ├── WEB-INF/
│ └── static/
└── test/
部署方案
支持Tomcat服务器部署，提供Dockerfile实现容器化：
FROM tomcat:9.0
COPY target/ecommerce.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]
该实现包含完整的电子商务核心功能，采用主流Java技术栈，代码结构清晰，适合作为学习项目或小型商业应用基础。系统具有良好扩展性，可根据需求增加支付接口、推荐系统等高级功能。
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