大家都知道斐波那契数列,现在要求输入一个正整数 n ,请你输出斐波那契数列的第 n 项。
斐波那契数列是一个满足
的数列
数据范围:
要求:空间复杂度
,时间复杂度
,本题也有时间复杂度
的解法
一个正整数n
输出一个正整数。
4
3
根据斐波那契数列的定义可知,fib(1)=1,fib(2)=1,fib(3)=fib(3-1)+fib(3-2)=2,fib(4)=fib(4-1)+fib(4-2)=3,所以答案为3。
1
1
2
1
package go.jacob.day1201;
/**
* 斐波那契数列
*
* @author Administrator 记住两个方法:1.O(n)时间复杂度用循环; 2.O(logn)用矩阵相乘 切记不要用递归
*/
public class Demo2 {
/*
* 方法一:循环 时间复杂度O(n)
*/
public int Fibonacci_1(int n) {
if (n < 1)
return 0;
if (n == 1 || n == 2)
return 1;
int res = 1;
int pre = 1;
int tmp = 0;
for (int i = 3; i <= n; i++) {
tmp = res;
res = res + pre;
pre = tmp;
}
return res;
}
/*
* 结论:F(n)=F(n-1)+F(n-2),是一个二阶递推数列,
* 一定可以用矩阵乘法的形式表示
* 这道题的递推矩阵为[1,1;1,0]
*/
public int Fibonacci_2(int n) {
if (n < 1)
return 0;
if (n == 1 || n == 2)
return 1;
int[][] base = { { 1, 1 }, { 1, 0 } };
int[][] res = maxtrixPower(base, n - 2);
return res[0][0] + res[0][1];
}
/*
* 求矩阵m的p次方
*/
private int[][] maxtrixPower(int[][] m, int p) {
int[][] res = new int[m.length][m.length];
for (int i = 0; i < m.length; i++) {
res[i][i] = 1;
}
int[][] tmp = m;
for (; p != 0; p >>= 1) {
if ((p & 1) != 0) {
res = multiMatrix(res, tmp);
}
tmp = multiMatrix(tmp, tmp);
}
return res;
}
/*
* 求两个矩阵相乘
*/
public int[][] multiMatrix(int[][] m1, int[][] m2) {
int[][] res = new int[m1.length][m2[0].length];
for (int i = 0; i < m1.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < m2[0].length; j++) {
for (int k = 0; k < m1[0].length; k++) {
res[i][j] += m1[i][k] * m2[k][j];
}
}
}
return res;
}
}
public class Solution {
public int Fibonacci(int n) {
if (n <= 2)
return 1;
else
return Fibonacci(n - 1) + Fibonacci(n - 2);
}
} class Solution: def Fibonacci(self , n: int) -> int: # write code here if n == 0: return 0 if n == 1: return 1 return self.Fibonacci(n-1)+self.Fibonacci[n-2]
class Solution: def __init__(self): self.memo=[0] def Fibonacci(self , n: int) -> int: # write code here if n == 0: return 0 if n == 1: self.memo.append(1) return 1 res =self.Fibonacci(n-1)+self.memo[n-2] self.memo.append(res) return res
public class Solution {
public int Fibonacci(int n) {
int a = 1;
int b = 1;
while (n-- > 2) {
b += a;
a = b - a;
}
return b;
}
} const int MAXN=100;
class Solution {
public:
long long f[MAXN];
bool visit[MAXN];
long long Fibonacci(int n){
f[0]=0;
f[1]=1;
visit[0]=visit[1]=true;
if(visit[n]){
return f[n];
}
f[n]=Fibonacci(n-2)+Fibonacci(n-1);
visit[n]=true;
return f[n];
}
};
public class Solution {
public int Fibonacci(int n) {
if(n == 0) return 0;
int a = 1;
int b = 1;
for(int i = 2; i < n; i++){
a = a + b;
b = a - b;
}
return a;
}
} # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- class Solution: def Fibonacci(self, n): if n==0: return 0; if n==1: return 1; if n>=2: f_list = [0,1] for i in range(2,n+1,1): ai = f_list[i-1] + f_list[i-2] f_list.append(ai) return f_list[-1]
func Fibonacci( n int ) int {
// write code here
if(n < 2){
return n;
}
tail := 0
head := 1
for i := 2; i <= n; i++ {
tail, head = head, tail + head
}
return head
}
class Solution { public: int Fibonacci(int n) { int f = 0, g = 1; while(n--) { g += f; f = g - f; } return f; } };