手写继承的几种方法

1. 原型链继承

//父类型
function Person(name, age) {
    this.name = name,
    this.age = age,
    this.play = [1, 2, 3]
    this.setName = function () { }
}
// Person.prototype.setAge = function () { }
//子类型
function Student(price) {
    this.price = price
    this.setScore = function () { }
}
Student.prototype = new Person('wang',23) // 子类型的原型为父类型的一个实例对象
var s1 = new Student(15000)
var s2 = new Student(14000)
// console.log(s1.setAge)
console.dir(s1,s2)

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2. 借用构造函数继承

function Person(name, age) {
    this.name = name,
    this.age = age,
    this.setName = function () {}
  }
  Person.prototype.setAge = function () {}
  function Student(name, age, price) {
    Person.call(this, name, age)  // 相当于: this.Person(name, age)
    /*this.name = name
    this.age = age*/
    this.price = price
  }
  var s1 = new Student('Tom', 20, 15000)
  console.log(s1);

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3. 原型链+借用构造函数的组合继承

function Person(name, age) {
    this.name = name,
        this.age = age,
        this.setAge = function () { }
}
Person.prototype.setAge = function () {
    console.log("111")
}
function Student(name, age, price) {
    Person.call(this,name,age)
    this.price = price
    this.setScore = function () { }
}
Student.prototype = new Person()
Student.prototype.constructor = Student//组合继承也是需要修复构造函数指向的
var s1 = new Student('Tom', 20, 15000)
var s2 = new Student('Jack', 22, 14000)
console.log(s1)

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4. ES6中class 的继承

class Person {
    //调用类的构造方法
    constructor(name, age) {
        this.name = name
        this.age = age
    }
    //定义一般的方法
    showName() {
        console.log("调用父类的方法")
        console.log(this.name, this.age);
    }
}
let p1 = new  Person('kobe', 39)
console.log(p1)
//定义一个子类
class Student extends Person {
    constructor(name, age, salary) {
        super(name, age)//通过super调用父类的构造方法
        this.salary = salary
    }
    showName() {//在子类自身定义方法
        console.log("调用子类的方法")
        console.log(this.name, this.age, this.salary);
    }
}
let s1 = new Student('wade', 38, 1000000000)
console.log(s1)
s1.showName()