For any 4-digit integer except the ones with all the digits being the
same, if we sort the digits in non-increasing order
first, and then in non-decreasing order, a new number can be obtained
by taking the second number from the first
one. Repeat in this manner we will soon end up at the number 6174 --
the "black hole" of 4-digit numbers. This
number is named Kaprekar Constant.
For example, start from 6767, we'll get:
7766 - 6677 = 1089
9810 - 0189 = 9621
9621 - 1269 = 8352
8532 - 2358 = 6174
7641 - 1467 = 6174
... ...
Given any 4-digit number, you are supposed to illustrate the way it
gets into the black hole.