假设有向量X = ( x1, x2,…, xn)和Y = ( y1, y2, …, yn )，它们之间的加、减和乘法分别定义为：
X + Y = ( x1 + y1, x2 + y2,…, xn + yn )
X - Y = ( x1 - y1, x2 - y2,…, xn - yn )
X * Y = x1 * y1 + x2 * y2 +,…,+ xn * yn
编写程序定义向量类Vector，重载运算符“+”、“-”、“*”和“=”，实现向量之间的加、减、乘、赋值运算；重载运算符“>>”、“<<”实现向量的输入、输出功能。注意检测运算的合法性。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Vector
{
private:
double *v;
int len;
public:
Vector(int size);
Vector(double *,int);
~Vector();
double &operator[](int i);
Vector & operator =(const Vector &);
friend Vector operator +(const Vector &,const Vector &);
friend Vector operator -(const Vector &,const Vector &);
friend double operator *(Vector &,Vector &);
friend ostream & operator <<(ostream &output,Vector &);
friend istream & operator >>(istream &input,Vector &);
};
Vector::Vector (int size)
{
if(size<=0||size>=2147483647)
{ cout<<"The size of "<<size<<"is overflow!\n";
abort();
}
v=new double [size];
for(int i=0;i<size;i++) v[i]=0;
len=size;
}
Vector::Vector(double *C,int size)
{
if(size<=0||size>=2147483647)
{ cout<<"The size of"<<size<<"is overflow!\n"<<endl;
abort();
}
v=new double[size];
len=size;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++) v[i]=C[i];
}
Vector::~Vector()
{
delete []v;
v=NULL; len=0;
}
double &Vector::operator[](int i)
{
if(i>=0 && i<len)
return v[i];
else
{ cout<<"The size of"<<i<<"is overflow!\n";
abort();}
}
Vector &Vector::operator =(const Vector &C)
{
if(len==C.len)
{
for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
v[i]=C.v[i];
return *this;
}
else
{
cout<<"Operator = fail!\n";
abort();
}
}
Vector operator +(const Vector &A,const Vector &B) //向量相加
{
int size=A.len ;
double *T=new double[size];
if(size==B.len)
{
for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
T[i]=A.v[i]+B.v[i];
return Vector (T,size);
}
else
{
cout<<"Operator + fail!\n";
abort();
}
}
Vector operator -(const Vector &A,const Vector &B) //向量相减
{
int size=A.len ;
double *T=new double[size];
if(size==B.len)
{ for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
T[i]=A.v[i]-B.v[i];
return Vector (T,size);
}
else
{
cout<<"Operator - fail!\n";
abort();
}
}
double operator *(Vector &A,Vector &B) //向量相乘
{
int size=A.len ;
double s=0;
if( size==B.len )
{
for( int i=0; i<size; i++ )
s+=A[i]*B[i];
return s;
}
else
{
cout<<"Operator * fail!\n";
abort();
}
}
ostream & operator <<(ostream &output,Vector &A) //输出
{
int i;
output<<'(';
for( i=0;i<A.len-1;i++)
output<<A[i]<<',';
output<<A[i]<<')';
return output;
}
istream & operator >>(istream &input,Vector &A) //输入
{
for(int i=0;i<A.len;i++)
input>>A[i];
return input;
}
int main()
{
int k1,k2,k3;double t;
cout<<"Input the length of Vector A:\n";
cin>>k1;
Vector A(k1);
cout<<"Input the elements of Vector A:\n";
cin>>A;
cout<<"Input the length of Vector B:\n";
cin>>k2;
Vector B(k2);
cout<<"Input the elements of Vector B:\n";
cin>>B;
cout<<"Input the length of Vector C:\n";
cin>>k3;
Vector C(k3);
cout<<"A="<<A<<endl;
cout<<"B="<<B<<endl;
C = A+B;
cout<<"A+B="<<A<<"+"<<B<<"="<<C<<endl;
C = A-B;
cout<<"A-B="<<A<<"-"<<B<<"="<<C<<endl;
t=A*B;
cout<<"A*B="<<A<<"*"<<B<<"="<<t<<endl;
}
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#include <iostream> using namespace std; class Vector { private: double *v; int len; public: Vector(int size); Vector(double *,int); ~Vector(); double &operator[](int i); Vector & operator =(Vector &); friend Vector operator +(Vector &,Vector &); friend Vector operator -(Vector &,Vector &); friend double operator *(Vector &,Vector &); friend ostream & operator <<(ostream &output,Vector &); friend istream & operator >>(istream &input,Vector &); }; Vector::Vector (int size) { if(size<=0||size>=2147483647) { cout<<"The size of "<<size<<"is overflow!\n"; abort(); } v=new double [size]; for(int i=0;i<size;i++) v[i]=0; len=size; } Vector::Vector(double *C,int size) { if(size<=0||size>=2147483647) { cout<<"The size of"<<size<<"is overflow!\n"<<endl; abort(); } v=new double[size]; len=size; for(int i=0;i<len;i++) v[i]=C[i]; } Vector::~Vector() { delete []v; v=NULL; len=0; } double &Vector::operator[](int i) { if(i>=0 && i<len) return v[i]; else { cout<<"The size of"<<i<<"is overflow!\n"; abort();} } Vector &Vector::operator =(Vector &C) { if(len==C.len) { for(int i=0;i<len;i++) v[i]=C[i]; return *this; } else { cout<<"Operator = fail!\n"; abort(); } } Vector operator +(Vector &A,Vector &B) //向量相加 { int size=A.len ; double *T=new double[size]; if(size==B.len) { for(int i=0;i<size;i++) T[i]=A[i]+B[i]; return Vector (T,size); } else { cout<<"Operator + fail!\n"; abort(); } } Vector operator -(Vector &A,Vector &B) //向量相减 { int size=A.len ; double *T=new double[size]; if(size==B.len) { for(int i=0;i<size;i++) T[i]=A[i]-B[i]; return Vector (T,size); } else { cout<<"Operator - fail!\n"; abort(); } } double operator *(Vector &A,Vector &B) //向量相乘 { int size=A.len ; double s=0; if( size==B.len ) { for( int i=0; i<size; i++ ) s+=A[i]*B[i]; return s; } else { cout<<"Operator * fail!\n"; abort(); } } ostream & operator <<(ostream &output,Vector &A) //输出 { int i; output<<'('; for( i=0;i<A.len-1;i++) output<<A[i]<<','; output<<A[i]<<')'; return output; } istream & operator >>(istream &input,Vector &A) //输入 { for(int i=0;i<A.len;i++) input>>A[i]; return input; } int main() { int k1,k2,k3;double t; cout<<"Input the length of Vector A:\n"; cin>>k1; Vector A(k1); cout<<"Input the elements of Vector A:\n"; cin>>A; cout<<"Input the length of Vector B:\n"; cin>>k2; Vector B(k2); cout<<"Input the elements of Vector B:\n"; cin>>B; cout<<"Input the length of Vector C:\n"; cin>>k3; Vector C(k3); cout<<"A="<<A<<endl; cout<<"B="<<B<<endl; C=A+B; cout<<"A+B="<<A<<"+"<<B<<"="<<C<<endl; C=A-B; cout<<"A-B="<<A<<"-"<<B<<"="<<C<<endl; t=A*B; cout<<"A*B="<<A<<"*"<<B<<"="<<t<<endl; }