2019-01-29 15:53 已编辑多点Dmall_研发部_Java研发工程师

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自己动手编译OpenJDK

笔者环境

64bit / Windows10 / i5-7200U / 4核心CPU，在虚拟机上的Centos7（能连外网）上编译OpenJDK7u75

建议使用Ubuntu或者Centos，安装依赖的地方使用apt-get/yum替换即可（Rhel的yum源使用收商业限制，因此依赖下载不方便，建议使用centos或者debain，或者更换yum为centos也行，笔者起初在rhel上编译，踩了不少坑，最后换到centos上才编译成功。没办法，linux是真的菜，不过通过这次采坑也学了不少linux上编译源码的套路，本文会穿插着提到）。

环境准备

OpenJDK源码

openjdk7u75，主角，下载好用来编译。

Bootstrap JDK

在编译JDK时不全是使用C/C++，也有用到JAVA的，因此需要一个已编译好的JDK，官方称其为BOOTSTRAP JDK，要求必须是JDK6 Update14以上版本。建议到Oracle官网上下载，笔者下载的是jdk-7u4-linux-x64

编译环境

编译需要依赖GCC、C++等环境，一键下载：

yum -y install build-essential gawk m4 openjdk6-jdk libasound2-print-dev binutils libmotif3 libmotif-dev ant

Xcode相关的库：

yum install libX*

检查编译环境

将下载好的openjdk源码和作为bootstrap jdk的jdk7u4上传到centos的/usr/local/java下并解压：

[root@pinyoyougou-docker java]# ls
jdk1.7.0_04  jdk-7u4-linux-x64.tar.gz  openjdk  openjdk-7u75-src-b13-18_dec_2014.zip

上面的openjdk就是openjdk源码包解压之后的目录，记下这个名字，后续操作都是围绕这个目录展开的。

进入openjdk并检查编译环境：

[root@pinyoyougou-docker java]# cd openjdk
[root@pinyoyougou-docker java]# make sanity
WARNING: LANG has been set to zh_CN.UTF-8, this can cause build failures.
         Try setting LANG to 'C'.
WARNING: The version of zip being used is older than
       the required version of '2.2'.
       The version of zip found was ''.
ERROR: The Compiler version is undefined.
ERROR: Your CLASSPATH environment variable is set.  This will
       most likely cause the build to fail.  Please unset it
       and start your build again.
ERROR: Your JAVA_HOME environment variable is set.  This will
       most likely cause the build to fail.  Please unset it
       and start your build again.
ERROR: You seem to not have installed ALSA 0.9.1 or higher.
       Please install ALSA (drivers and lib). You can download the
       source distribution from http://www.alsa-project.org or go to
       http://www.freshrpms.net/docs/alsa/ for precompiled RPM packages.
ERROR: FreeType version  2.3.0  or higher is required.
 make[2]: 进入目录“/usr/local/java/openjdk/jdk/make/tools/freetypecheck”
/bin/mkdir -p /usr/local/java/openjdk/build/linux-amd64/btbins
rm -f /usr/local/java/openjdk/build/linux-amd64/btbins/freetype_versioncheck
make[2]: 离开目录“/usr/local/java/openjdk/jdk/make/tools/freetypecheck”
Failed to build freetypecheck.
ERROR: You do not have access to valid Cups header files.
       Please check your access to
           /usr/include/cups/cups.h
       and/or check your value of ALT_CUPS_HEADERS_PATH,
       CUPS is frequently pre-installed on many systems,
       or may be downloaded from http://www.cups.org

上面出现了两个警告和五个异常，我们需要逐个解决。（如果你make sanity输出的是check pass则可跳过此步骤）

1. 设置环境变量LANG=C

WARNING: LANG has been set to zh_CN.UTF-8, this can cause build failures.
            Try setting LANG to 'C'.

解决方法：

[root@pinyoyougou-docker java]# export LANG=C

2.zip版本较低，需要更新

WARNING: The version of zip being used is older than
          the required version of '2.2'.
          The version of zip found was ''.

解决方法：

yum install zip

3. 缺少编译依赖

ERROR: The Compiler version is undefined.

解决：

[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum install gcc gcc-c++

4. 取消已有的JDK环境变量

ERROR: Your CLASSPATH environment variable is set.  This will
          most likely cause the build to fail.  Please unset it
          and start your build again.

由于我之前在这个centos上装过jdk并在/etc/profile中配置过JAVA_HOME,CLASS_PATH，因此这里提示建议我暂时取消这两项设置，否则可能出现未知错误。解决：

[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# unset JAVA_HOME
   [root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# unset CLASS_PATH

5. 缺少声卡依赖alsa，这个是linux上常用的声音设备的依赖，java.awt需要依赖这个。

ERROR: You seem to not have installed ALSA 0.9.1 or higher.
          Please install ALSA (drivers and lib). You can download the
          source distribution from http://www.alsa-project.org or go to
          http://www.freshrpms.net/docs/alsa/ for precompiled RPM packages.

解决

[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum search alsa
   已加载插件：fastestmirror
   Loading mirror speeds from ***d hostfile
    * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
    * extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn
    * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
   ======================================== N/S matched: alsa ========================================
   alsa-firmware.noarch : Firmware for several ALSA-supported sound cards
   alsa-lib.x86_64 : The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) library
   alsa-lib.i686 : The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) library
   alsa-lib-devel.i686 : Development files from the ALSA library
   alsa-lib-devel.x86_64 : Development files from the ALSA library
   alsa-plugins-arcamav.i686 : Arcam AV amplifier plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-arcamav.x86_64 : Arcam AV amplifier plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-maemo.i686 : Maemo plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-maemo.x86_64 : Maemo plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-oss.i686 : Oss PCM output plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-oss.x86_64 : Oss PCM output plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-pulseaudio.i686 : Alsa to PulseAudio backend
   alsa-plugins-pulseaudio.x86_64 : Alsa to PulseAudio backend
   alsa-plugins-samplerate.i686 : External rate converter plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-samplerate.x86_64 : External rate converter plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-upmix.i686 : Upmixer channel expander plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-upmix.x86_64 : Upmixer channel expander plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-usbstream.i686 : USB stream plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-usbstream.x86_64 : USB stream plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-vdownmix.i686 : Downmixer to stereo plugin for ALSA
   alsa-plugins-vdownmix.x86_64 : Downmixer to stereo plugin for ALSA
   alsa-tools.x86_64 : Specialist tools for ALSA
   alsa-tools-firmware.x86_64 : ALSA tools for uploading firmware to some soundcards
   alsa-utils.x86_64 : Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) utilities
   alsa-plugins-speex.i686 : Rate Converter Plugin Using Speex Resampler
   alsa-plugins-speex.x86_64 : Rate Converter Plugin Using Speex Resampler
   [root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum -y install alsa-lib* alsa-util*

套路一：当提示缺少依赖，而你不知道要yum install什么时，你可以根据提示关键字搜一下yum search，然后在搜出的结果列表中，对有着相同前缀的依赖使用后缀通配符一键下载。

6. 缺少freetype依赖

ERROR: FreeType version  2.3.0  or higher is required.

解决：

root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum search freetype
   已加载插件：fastestmirror
   Loading mirror speeds from ***d hostfile
    * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
    * extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn
    * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
   ====================================== N/S matched: freetype ======================================
   freetype-demos.x86_64 : A collection of FreeType demos
   freetype-devel.i686 : FreeType development libraries and header files
   freetype-devel.x86_64 : FreeType development libraries and header files
   freetype.x86_64 : A free and portable font rendering engine
   freetype.i686 : A free and portable font rendering engine
     名称和简介匹配 only，使用“search all”试试。
   [root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum install freetype-devel.x86_64

套路二：使用yum install时习惯性带上一个-y，免得总是询问是否确定安装。

7. 于是我再make sanity，发现还有一个问题

ERROR: You do not have access to valid Cups header files.
          Please check your access to
              /usr/include/cups/cups.h
          and/or check your value of ALT_CUPS_HEADERS_PATH,
          CUPS is frequently pre-installed on many systems,
          or may be downloaded from http://www.cups.org

缺少cups打印框架，解决：

[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum search cups
   已加载插件：fastestmirror
   Loading mirror speeds from ***d hostfile
    * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
    * extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn
    * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
   ======================================== N/S matched: cups ========================================
   bluez-cups.x86_64 : CUPS printer backend for Bluetooth printers
   cups.x86_64 : CUPS printing system
   cups-client.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - client programs
   cups-devel.i686 : CUPS printing system - development environment
   cups-devel.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - development environment
   cups-filesystem.noarch : CUPS printing system - directory layout
   cups-filters.x86_64 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends
   cups-filters-devel.i686 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - development environment
   cups-filters-devel.x86_64 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - development environment
   cups-filters-libs.i686 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - cupsfilters and fontembed
                          : libraries
   cups-filters-libs.x86_64 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - cupsfilters and fontembed
                            : libraries
   cups-ipptool.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - tool for performing IPP requests
   cups-libs.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - libraries
   cups-libs.i686 : CUPS printing system - libraries
   cups-lpd.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - lpd emulation
   ghostscript-cups.x86_64 : CUPS filter for interpreting PostScript and PDF
   gutenprint-cups.x86_64 : CUPS drivers for Canon, Epson, HP and compatible printers
   python-cups.x86_64 : Python bindings for CUPS
   python-cups-doc.x86_64 : Documentation for python-cups
   cups-pk-helper.x86_64 : A helper that makes system-config-printer use PolicyKit
   foomatic-filters.x86_64 : CUPS print filters for the foomatic package
   samba-krb5-printing.x86_64 : Samba CUPS backend for printing with Kerberos
     名称和简介匹配 only，使用“search all”试试。
   [root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# yum install cups-devel.x86_64

8.make sanity检查通过：

Sanity check passed.

编写编译启动脚本

经过前面一番周折，编译环境基本上准备好了，接下来就可以make进行编译了，但是编译前需要设置一下一些环境变量，诸如boostrap jdk的根目录在哪，哪些需要编译，并行编译线程数等。

在openjdk/下创建compile.sh并键入下列内容（参考《深入理解Java虚拟机》）：

#语言选项，这个必须设置，否则编译好后会出现一个HashTable的NPE错
export LANG=C
#Bootstrap JDK的安装路径。必须设置。 
export ALT_BOOTDIR=/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_04
#允许自动下载依赖
export ALLOW_DOWNLOADS=true
#并行编译的线程数，设置为和CPU内核数量一致即可
export HOTSPOT_BUILD_JOBS=4
export ALT_PARALLEL_COMPILE_JOBS=4
#比较本次build出来的映像与先前版本的差异。这个对我们来说没有意义，必须设置为false，否则sanity检查会报缺少先前版本JDK的映像。如果有设置dev或者DEV_ONLY=true的话这个不显式设置也行。 
export SKIP_COMPARE_IMAGES=true
#使用预编译头文件，不加这个编译会更慢一些
export USE_PRECOMPILED_HEADER=true
#要编译的内容
export BUILD_LANGTOOLS=true 
#export BUILD_JAXP=false
#export BUILD_JAXWS=false 
#export BUILD_CORBA=false
export BUILD_HOTSPOT=true 
export BUILD_JDK=true
#要编译的版本
#export SKIP_DEBUG_BUILD=false
#export SKIP_FASTDEBUG_BUILD=true
#export DEBUG_NAME=debug
#把它设置为false可以避开javaws和浏览器Java插件之类的部分的build。 
BUILD_DEPLOY=false
#把它设置为false就不会build出安装包。因为安装包里有些奇怪的依赖，但即便不build出它也已经能得到完整的JDK映像，所以还是别build它好了。
BUILD_INSTALL=false
#这两个环境变量必须去掉，不然会有很诡异的事情发生（我没有具体查过这些“”诡异的事情”，Makefile脚本检查到有这2个变量就会提示警告“）
unset JAVA_HOME
unset CLASSPATH
make 2>&1 | tee $ALT_OUTPUTDIR/build.log

其中需要注意的地方：

1. 必须设置LANG=C、将ALT_BOOTDIR设置成boostrap jdk的根目录
2. 如果你的系统先前配置过jdk环境变量，一定要在这里unset一下（上述的第40,41行）
3. 上述并型线程数跟你的cpu核心个数相同即可

其它的地方可以照搬。

开始编译

使用上面写好的编译启动脚本开始编译：

[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# chmod +x compile.sh
[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]# ./compile.sh

这个过程通常需要几十分钟，如果一切顺利，最后会显示编译开始时间以及终止时间。（当然，大部分情况下，受挫之路相当曲折~）。

########################################################################
##### Leaving jdk for target(s) sanity all docs images             #####
########################################################################
##### Build time 00:10:12 jdk for target(s) sanity all docs images #####
########################################################################
#-- Build times ----------
Target all_product_build
Start 2019-01-23 16:37:02
End   2019-01-23 16:48:00
00:00:23 corba
00:00:09 hotspot
00:00:03 jaxp
00:00:06 jaxws
00:10:12 jdk
00:00:03 langtools
00:10:58 TOTAL
-------------------------
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/java/openjdk'
[root@pinyoyougou-docker openjdk]#

所以下面将罗列笔者的受挫之路……如果make过程中发生error异常终止，一般解决异常之后继续make。笔者开始傻到每次解决异常，然后make clean，再make。

解决编译错误

1.cannot find -lstdc++

-l表示库，cannot find -lXXX，通常表示缺少libXXX库。看网上说是缺少libstdc++-static，但笔者建议最好将yum search libstdc*的搜索结果一股脑全yum install下来，反正又不多。

2.libjvm.so软连接死循环

/usr/bin/ld: cannot open output file libjvm.so: Too many levels of symbolic links
   collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
   ln: failed to access 'libjvm.so': Too many levels of symbolic links
   ln: failed to access 'libjvm.so.1': Too many levels of symbolic links
   /usr/bin/objcopy --only-keep-debug libjvm.so libjvm.debuginfo
   /usr/bin/objcopy: Warning: could not locate 'libjvm.so'.  reason: Too many levels of symbolic links

这时不能需要先make clean，然后再make sanity、make

3. 超过十年问题

Error: time is more than 10 years from present: 1136059200000
   java.lang.RuntimeException: time is more than 10 years from present: 1136059200000
           at build.tools.generatecurrencydata.GenerateCurrencyData.makeSpecialCaseEntry(GenerateCurrencyData.java:285)
           at build.tools.generatecurrencydata.GenerateCurrencyData.buildMainAndSpecialCaseTables(GenerateCurrencyData.java:225)
           at build.tools.generatecurrencydata.GenerateCurrencyData.main(GenerateCurrencyData.java:154)

修改openjdk//jdk/src/share/classes/java/util/CurrencyData.properties，将其中表示年份的地方都改为距离今年不超过10年的年份：

修改108行
AZ=AZM;2015-12-31-20-00-00;AZN
修改381行
MZ=MZM;2015-06-30-22-00-00;MZN
修改443行
RO=ROL;2015-06-30-21-00-00;RON
修改535行
TR=TRL;2015-12-31-22-00-00;TRY
修改561行
VE=VEB;2015-01-01-04-00-00;VEF

4. 缺少C头文件

fatal error: X11/Intrinsic.h: No such file or directory
    # include

/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h:7:27: fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated. make: *** [bitmap.o] Error 1


> 套路三：如果提示你缺少xxx/xxx.h，可以使用yum provides */xxx.h查看该头文件包含于哪个库中，再将该库的全名称作为yum install的参数下载

> 本想将笔者踩过的坑都贴出来，奈何编译输出的信息太多。总而言之，不是缺少依赖，就是已有依赖不兼容（这时你需要32/64位版本都下载）

## 使用编译好的jdk

编译成功之后，openjdk/build/linux-amd64/j2sdk-image就是编译好的jdk的根目录：

[root@pinyoyougou-docker j2sdk-image]# bin/java -version
openjdk version "1.7.0-internal"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0-internal-root_2019_01_23_14_04-b00)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.75-b04, mixed mode)
```